To have larval examples the whole looks was used to own DNA isolation. Overall, 118 individual courage from adults and you can 9 larval samples was indeed processed. DNA isolation is actually performed that have personal samples utilising the ZymoBIOMICS 96 DNA Sets (Zymo Research) including bead conquering at the 3200 rpm to possess 15 min on a beneficial give MPS-step one multiplate shaker (Offer Devices). Negative extraction control (NECs) as well as mock-area self-confident control (Zymo Browse) was integrated.

Bumble bees was in fact taken from the freezer and you can dissected playing with fire sterilized tweezers to discover the whole abdomen in addition to pick, foregut and hindgut

We put a twin-indexing method to enhance the newest V4 side of the 16S rRNA gene as the done-by Kozich et al. (2013). Zobraziť viac o dos.4 Illumina sequence operating and you may microbiota research investigation …